The prototype appeared in 1956, and was tested in both the Caucasus Mountains and the Crimea.

This became the UAZ-450, the first Soviet 'cabover' truck. It was this office, responding to a request from the Red Army, that in 1955 created a forward control van project, codenamed 'Forty', on the GAZ-69 chassis. UAZ began its growth away from being a mere assembler in 1954, with the creation of its own design office. The connection with GAZ led UAZ to be the top Soviet manufacturer of four-wheel drive vehicles. Two years later, the factory was not just assembling GAZ-69s from parts delivered elsewhere, but manufacturing them in their entirety. In 1954, production was expanded to include the GAZ-69, and the first batches were assembled from GAZ parts. UAZ developed a prototype 1.5-tonne truck in 1948, using the ubiquitous 50 hp (37 kW 51 PS) 2,112 cc (129 cu in) inline four of the Pobeda this, the UAZ-300, was never built, due to a lack of production capacity. At the end of 1944, the production of the ZIS-5 was transferred to The Ural Automotive Plant in Miass, while the Ulyanovsk plant began producing the smaller GAZ-AA in 1947. It was considered more efficient to leave the newly built plants as is, while the original plants, provided they survived the war were outfitted anew, frequently with captured German machinery. This was in line with the Soviet post-war policy regarding various relocated industrial operations. In 1943, when the prospect of a German victory had become far less likely, it was decided the relocated plant would remain in Ulyanovsk and be separated administratively from ZIS, which would be rebuilt in Moscow from scratch. The first vehicle produced at the plant was the ZIS-5 three-ton truck. By 1942, the plant began production of artillery shells and automobiles. At that time of its founding, the plant was considered a subsidiary of ZIS. It was also safely out of reach of the German army. The town, already a nascent industrial center with a sufficiently developed infrastructure and a good supply of skilled workers, would be an ideal location for the reconstituted factory. By October 1941, the rapid German drive to Moscow, triggered the decision to relocate the Moscow automotive manufacturer ZIS to the Volga town of Ulyanovsk. In response to this threat, the government of Joseph Stalin ordered the evacuation of strategically crucial industrial centers to the East. The Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant was founded in 1941 as a direct result of the German invasion of the Soviet Union.

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